UK's CMA Launches Probe into Apple and Google's Mobile Ecosystems

The UK's Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) has kicked off a significant investigation into the mobile ecosystems of tech giants Apple and Google. This move, announced on Thursday, January 23, 2025, aims to assess the position these companies hold in their respective mobile ecosystems, including operating systems, app stores, and smartphone-based browsers. The investigation will explore the impact on users and the thousands of businesses developing innovative services or content such as apps for these devices.

Apple and Google have been at the forefront of the mobile revolution, with their respective operating systems, iOS and Android, powering virtually all mobile devices sold in the UK. The CMA's probe seeks to determine whether these tech titans are in breach of the UK's strict new digital competition rules, which came into force in May 2024.

In response to the investigation, an Apple spokesperson stated, "Apple believes in thriving and dynamic markets where innovation can flourish. We face competition in every segment and jurisdiction where we operate, and our focus is always the trust of our users." Google was not immediately available for comment.

The CMA's investigation comes on the heels of a provisional recommendation by its independent inquiry group to consider investigating Apple and Google's mobile ecosystem activities using the new digital markets powers granted by the Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Act. The inquiry group also proposed that no further action be taken on cloud gaming, as primary concerns have been addressed.

The CMA's investigation will explore several key areas, including the extent of competition between and within Apple's and Google's mobile ecosystems, potential leveraging of market power into other activities, and exploitative conduct. The investigation may result in conduct requirements being imposed on Apple and Google, such as opening up access to key functionality needed by other apps to operate on mobile devices or making it easier for users to download apps and pay for in-app content outside of their own app stores.

The outcome of this investigation could have significant implications for Apple and Google's business models and market positions, as well as the competitive landscape for mobile ecosystems, particularly for smaller players and alternative platforms. The CMA's findings may lead to changes in Apple and Google's app store policies, making it easier for smaller developers to compete and reach users. This could encourage innovation and the emergence of new types of apps, such as super apps and web apps, accessed through mobile browsers.



In conclusion, the CMA's investigation into Apple and Google's mobile ecosystems marks a significant step in ensuring fair competition and promoting innovation in the UK's mobile market. As the investigation unfolds, investors and industry stakeholders will be closely monitoring the progress and potential impact on these tech giants' business models and market positions. The outcome of this probe could shape the future of the mobile ecosystem, benefiting both consumers and businesses alike.