CRISPR Therapeutics AG was incorporated as a Swiss joint stock company under Inception Genomics AG on October 31, 2013. They are a leading genetic research company focusing on the development of CRISPR/Cas 9 therapies. CRISPR/Cas 9 stands for Cluster, Periodically Interspaced Short Palindrome Repeat (CRISPR) Related Protein 9, a revolutionary technology in the process of altering the arrangement of genes and the specific sequence of genomic DNA. They are applying this technique to treat a wide range of rare or common diseases by disrupting, correcting or modulating disease-related genes. Their most advanced project is for β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease, the treatment of which requires two hemoglobins for high medical needs.