The Quiet Bitcoin Bank Revolution: 60% of Top US Banks Are Shifting Strategy Behind Closed Doors

The U.S. banking sector is undergoing a seismic shift in its approach to Bitcoin, driven by a confluence of regulatory clarity, institutional demand, and competitive pressures. By 2025, nearly 60% of the top 25 U.S. banks-according to data from River Financial-are actively developing or have launched Bitcoin-related services, signaling a strategic pivot toward digital assets. This quiet revolution, unfolding behind closed doors, reflects a broader normalization of Bitcoin as a legitimate asset class and a reimagining of traditional financial infrastructure.

Regulatory Realignment: A Catalyst for Institutional Adoption

The regulatory environment has played a pivotal role in enabling this shift. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) issued Interpretive Letter #1186 in November 2025, allowing national banks to hold crypto assets as principal for blockchain network fees. This guidance effectively removed a major barrier, enabling banks to treat crypto trades as riskless principal transactions and thereby reducing capital requirements. Concurrently, the passage of the "Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for US Stablecoins Act" under President Trump established a federal framework for stablecoin issuance, positioning them as infrastructure rather than securities. These developments have created a regulatory sandbox where banks can innovate without the same compliance burdens as traditional assets.

Institutional Demand: From Skepticism to Strategic Integration

Institutional adoption of Bitcoin has surged, with major banks now viewing it as a strategic priority. JPMorgan Chase, Citi, and BNY Mellon are among the pioneers, offering custody solutions, trading capabilities and tokenized investment products.

For example, BNY Mellon has launched high-net-worth custody services, while Citigroup is exploring HNW client trading. The shift is not limited to large institutions; even traditional players like American Express and USAA have entered the space with Bitcoin rewards cards and exchange integrations.

This institutional embrace is fueled by client demand. According to 13F filings, institutional investors allocated $12.5 billion to global Bitcoin ETFs in Q3 2025, with 13F filers holding 24% of U.S. Bitcoin ETF assets. Advisors now account for 57% of total 13F-reported Bitcoin assets, underscoring a growing appetite for regulated exposure. Notably, Harvard's endowment increased its Bitcoin position by 257%, while Al Warda in the UAE added $515.6 million in exposure. These moves highlight Bitcoin's role as a diversification tool and a hedge against macroeconomic uncertainty.

The Competitive Imperative: Banks as Gatekeepers of the Digital Future

The shift is also driven by competitive pressures. As customer demand for crypto services grows, banks are racing to integrate Bitcoin into their offerings to retain clients. For instance, Charles Schwab and PNC plan to allow clients to trade Bitcoin directly through their platforms. This trend is expected to accelerate in 2026, with Bitcoin services becoming routine features of traditional banking.

However, the transition is not without challenges. Community banks have emphasized that their survival hinges on fair regulatory practices rather than stablecoin adoption. They argue that stablecoin companies should face the same regulations as traditional banks to ensure a level playing field. This tension underscores the need for balanced policy frameworks that foster innovation while protecting systemic stability.

Conclusion: A New Era for Bitcoin and Traditional Finance

The 60% figure-derived from River's analysis of the top 25 U.S. banks-represents more than a statistical milestone; it signals a paradigm shift in how traditional finance perceives and engages with Bitcoin. With regulatory clarity, institutional demand, and competitive dynamics aligning, Bitcoin is no longer a fringe asset but a core component of modern financial infrastructure. As banks continue to innovate, the next phase of this revolution will likely see Bitcoin embedded in everyday financial workflows, from custody and trading to tokenized deposits and cross-border payments. For investors, this evolution presents both opportunities and risks, but one thing is clear: the quiet revolution is no longer silent.