Large-Cap Equity ETFs Dominate Outflows as Year-End Positioning Continues

Date: December 22, 2025

Market Overview

Today’s net fund outflows were heavily concentrated in broad equity ETFs, with the top 10 outflow recipients spanning large-cap, mid-cap, and growth-oriented U.S. equity strategies. While no single sector or thematic pattern dominates the list, the prevalence of S&P 500-linked and total market funds suggests investors may be recalibrating exposure to dominant equity benchmarks.

. The absence of bond, commodity, or international ETFs in the outflow rankings indicates focus remains firmly on domestic equities. With year-end approaching, the data could reflect tactical rebalancing or profit-taking across core equity holdings.

ETF Highlights

SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (SPY)As the largest U.S. equity ETF with $696.66B in assets, SPY’s $21.43B outflow underscores broad-based caution toward the S&P 500 benchmark. Its 16.85% YTD gain, while robust, may have prompted investors to lock in gains amid seasonal positioning shifts. The magnitude of the outflow could signal a temporary pullback in demand for passive large-cap exposure.

Vanguard S&P 500 ETF (VOO)VOO, with $816.49B in assets, saw $13.41B in outflows, mirroring SPY’s trend. Its 16.87% YTD performance aligns closely with SPY, suggesting parallel investor behavior. The outflow may indicate a strategic reduction in overexposure to the S&P 500, particularly as year-end portfolio adjustments gain momentum.

Vanguard Growth ETF (VUG)VUG’s $1.64B outflow reflects selective pressure on growth stocks, given its focus on large-cap U.S. growth equities. A 19.53% YTD gain highlights its strong performance, which could be prompting investors to scale back positions after significant appreciation. The outflow might signal a rotation away from growth leadership within the broader market.

Vanguard Total Stock Market ETF (VTI)VTI’s $601.83M outflow, despite its $571.17B AUM, points to moderation in demand for broad U.S. equity exposure. Its 16.49% YTD return, slightly below the S&P 500’s performance, may contribute to a relative shift toward more focused strategies. The outflow could indicate a tactical rebalancing away from total market diversification.

T Rowe Price Capital Appreciation Equity ETF (TCAF)TCAF’s $469.0M outflow highlights niche equity strategies under pressure. With $6.24B in assets and a 15.51% YTD gain, the fund’s smaller size may make it more susceptible to tactical shifts. The outflow could reflect a broader trend of investors consolidating exposure into larger, more liquid equity benchmarks.

Vanguard Small-Cap ETF (VB)VB’s $395.79M outflow contrasts with its 9.89% YTD performance, suggesting reduced appetite for small-cap stocks despite positive returns. As a $70.29B fund, the outflow may indicate a rotation toward mid- or large-cap segments, particularly as year-end liquidity management takes precedence.

Vanguard Mega Cap Growth ETF (MGK)MGK’s $389.02M outflow aligns with broader caution toward mega-cap growth equities. Its 20.88% YTD gain, the highest among the top 10, may have triggered profit-taking, reflecting a potential pullback in speculative positioning within the sector.

State Street Financial Select Sector SPDR ETF (XLF)XLF’s $360.62M outflow targets financials, a sector often sensitive to interest rate expectations. With a 14.46% YTD gain and $53.28B in assets, the outflow could signal a tactical shift away from financials amid uncertainty about tightening credit conditions.

Invesco S&P 500 Equal Weight ETF (RSP)RSP’s $330.76M outflow contrasts with its 10.45% YTD performance, indicating reduced interest in equal-weight alternatives to cap-weighted benchmarks. Its $75.09B AUM suggests investors may be reverting to traditional S&P 500 exposure as year-end approaches.

Vanguard Mid-Cap ETF (VO)VO’s $313.86M outflow reflects moderation in mid-cap demand, despite an 11.41% YTD return. As a $91.67B fund, the outflow may indicate a consolidation phase for mid-cap stocks, with investors favoring larger benchmarks or sector-specific allocations.

Notable Trends

The prevalence of large-cap and growth-oriented ETFs in the outflow rankings—particularly SPY, VOO, VUG, and MGK—suggests a potential rotation away from dominant equity segments. The absence of value-tilted or small-cap funds in the top outflow positions, aside from VB and VO, indicates a nuanced shift rather than a broad selloff.

Conclusion

Today’s outflows highlight a measured reduction in exposure to large-cap and growth equity benchmarks, with significant sums leaving S&P 500-linked and total market funds. While YTD gains across these ETFs remain strong, the flows may indicate tactical adjustments ahead of year-end, with investors potentially favoring cash, alternative allocations, or more defensive strategies. The patterns observed could reflect a broader reassessment of risk in core equity positions, though the data does not confirm a systemic shift in market sentiment.