IBM Shares Rise 1.1% on $1.03 Billion Volume Ranking 82nd in Daily Market Activity

, 2025, , ranking 82nd in market activity for the day. The stock's performance was influenced by mixed developments in its cloud infrastructure segment and evolving regulatory scrutiny in key markets. , though analysts noted margin pressures due to competitive pricing strategies in the AI-as-a-service sector.

Strategic shifts in enterprise software licensing models generated short-term volatility, as investors digested the company's decision to phase out legacy on-premise solutions by 2027. While this move aligns with long-term digital transformation goals, near-term execution risks remain, particularly in the public sector where adoption timelines are often constrained by budgetary cycles. Regulatory updates from the EU's Digital Services Act working group also created uncertainty, .

To run this back-test accurately I’ll need to clarify a couple of practical details before I generate the data-retrieval and execution plan: 1. Market universe • Should I use all listed U.S. equities (common stock only), or a specific index/stock universe (e.g., S&P 500 constituents)? 2. Execution price • Buy at the same day’s close and sell at next day’s close? • Or buy at the next day’s open and sell at that day’s close? 3. Transaction costs • Do you want to include an estimate of commissions/slippage? If so, please specify. 4. Rebalancing constraints • Equal-weight the 500 names each day? • Or weight by volume / market-cap? Once I have these details I can assemble the data-retrieval plan and run the strategy back-test from 2022-01-01 to the present.