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Ethereum's Scaling Gamble: Speed vs. Decentralization in the Gas Limit Debate
Generated by AI AgentCoin World
Saturday, Sep 27, 2025 5:59 am ET2min read
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Aime SummaryEthereum developers have approved a plan to raise the network’s gas limit to 60 million as part of the Fusaka upgrade, a significant step to enhance throughput and address rising demand for block space[1]. The decision, confirmed on September 25 by
Foundation contributor Tim Beiko during the All Core Devs Execution (ACDE) 221 call, accelerates the previously tentative December timeline, with testnet activations set for October and a mainnet release expected shortly thereafter[2]. This marks the third gas limit increase in 2025, following adjustments to 36 million in February and 45 million in July[1]. The proposed 60 million limit aims to boost Layer-1 performance by 33% and Layer-2 capacity by 133% by year-end, according to former Galaxy Digital researcher Christine Kim[1].The gas limit increase is critical to Ethereum’s scaling strategy, enabling more transactions per block and improving efficiency across both Layer-1 and Layer-2 systems[1]. Gas on Ethereum measures computational power required for on-chain actions, such as token transfers or contract deployments. Higher limits allow for increased throughput, reducing congestion during peak demand. Everstake, a leading staking provider, emphasized that the change supports “more transactions per block, higher throughput, and better efficiency”[1]. However, the adjustment requires at least 50% validator approval to activate under Ethereum’s consensus rules. As of September, 17% of validators support the 60 million limit[1].
The Fusaka upgrade also includes 11 Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs) focused on scalability, node resilience, and efficiency, with no changes to smart contracts[3]. Key EIPs include PeerDAS for data availability sampling and Spam Resistance Checks to prevent malicious transaction spam[3]. The upgrade aligns with Ethereum’s six-month development cadence and precedes the Devconnect conference in Buenos Aires, underscoring a strategic push to refine core infrastructure[3]. Developers have prioritized iterative improvements over disruptive changes, a hallmark of Ethereum’s governance model[3].
While the gas limit increase is seen as a necessary response to network growth, it has sparked debate within the community. Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has long advocated for gradual increases to avoid node strain, while others caution that rapid scaling could widen the gap between professional validators and smaller participants[1]. Critics argue that higher gas limits may increase storage and bandwidth demands, potentially centralizing validation power[3]. Despite these concerns, proponents highlight the need to accommodate rising transaction volumes and maintain Ethereum’s competitiveness in the evolving blockchain landscape[1].
The Fusaka upgrade’s testnet and mainnet timelines reflect a disciplined approach to deployment. Devnet-3 launched in July 2025, followed by public testnets in September and October to identify bugs before mainnet activation[3]. The mainnet fork is scheduled for November 5, 2025, with a block height target to ensure smooth execution. Looking ahead, Ethereum’s roadmap includes further gas limit adjustments and potential block-time reductions under the 2026 Glamsterdam fork[3]. These steps aim to balance performance gains with decentralization, a recurring challenge in blockchain development[3].
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