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Ethereum, the second-largest cryptocurrency by market capitalization, has quietly reached its 10th anniversary, having evolved from a modest Berlin-based project into the backbone of decentralized finance (DeFi), smart contracts, and tokenized assets. Unlike Bitcoin, which introduced digital gold, Ethereum aimed to become programmable money, enabling a new form of financial automation and infrastructure [1]. From its first live network, “Frontier,” the platform was never designed for user-friendliness but for functional robustness, focusing on mining blocks, running smart contracts, and deploying decentralized applications [1].
Ethereum’s influence has grown steadily, often operating in the background as the infrastructure for a wide range of financial services. It now supports nearly 50% of all stablecoin activity, with 2024 seeing over $28 trillion in stablecoin transactions, a figure surpassing the combined volumes of traditional payment giants
and [1]. Major platforms such as Robinhood, which recently launched U.S. equities on Arbitrum (an Ethereum-based layer two), and , with its second-largest stablecoin USDC, continue to rely on Ethereum for settlement [1]. is also developing a tokenization platform on zkSync, another Ethereum layer-two solution, highlighting the network’s role as a foundational layer [1].Institutional adoption has further reinforced Ethereum’s significance.
launched its money market fund, BUIDL, on the Ethereum network, enabling real-time redemptions in USDC. Coinbase and Kraken are expanding their offerings on Ethereum-based layer-two solutions, such as Optimism and Arbitrum, respectively, underscoring the platform’s central role in the emerging financial architecture [1]. These institutions prioritize reliability over speed, a trait Ethereum has consistently delivered, according to Vitalik Buterin, who notes that many institutional stakeholders explicitly value the network for its stability and dependability [1].Despite competition from newer blockchains offering lower fees, Ethereum remains the settlement layer for many of these alternatives, maintaining its dominant position in the ecosystem [1]. The network has also made significant strides in sustainability and scalability. The 2022 transition from proof-of-work to proof-of-stake reduced energy consumption by over 99%, making the network more environmentally friendly and laying the groundwork for future improvements [1]. Developers are now focused on enhancing speed and capacity while maintaining decentralization, exploring innovations such as zero-knowledge proofs to compress data and improve verification processes [1].
As Ethereum continues to evolve, it is not just a cryptocurrency but a foundational infrastructure layer for the next generation of finance. Its quiet but persistent expansion into institutional and enterprise use cases demonstrates its adaptability and growing relevance. With a focus on building systems that automate contracts, payments, and inventory management, Ethereum is proving to be more than just a digital asset—it is the rails for a new financial system.

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