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Ethereum's Layer 1 (L1) gas limit has been increased to 45 million, marking a significant milestone in the network's evolution. This adjustment, supported by nearly 50% of Ethereum's validators, represents a 25% increase from the previous limit of 37.3 million. The move is aimed at enhancing the network's transaction throughput and scalability, allowing each block to accommodate more activity and potentially reducing transaction fees.
The increase in the gas limit is part of Ethereum's long-term roadmap, which targets 150 million gas per block. This goal is expected to be realized through the Fusaka hard fork, facilitated by the
Improvement Proposal (EIP) 9678. The trend of increasing gas usage aligns with this roadmap, as the network's gas usage has been gradually climbing.However, the debate surrounding the increase in gas limits persists within the Ethereum community. While higher limits offer performance benefits, there are concerns about the potential strain on the network from resource-intensive transactions. To mitigate these risks, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin and researcher Toni Wahrstätter have proposed a cap on gas usage per transaction. Their proposal suggests limiting individual transactions to 16.77 million gas units, aiming to preserve execution stability while enabling complex DeFi functions.
The increase in the gas limit is expected to significantly boost transaction capacity on Ethereum’s base layer. This development comes as Ethereum experiences one of its strongest rallies of the year, with the native token gaining over 25% in the past week. The network's throughput has also shown a notable increase, driven by growing validator support for the gas limit expansion.
In summary, the increase in Ethereum's L1 gas limit to 45 million is a significant step towards improving the network's transaction throughput and scalability. While the move offers performance benefits, it also raises concerns about network strain. The proposed cap on gas usage per transaction aims to address these concerns, striking a balance between scaling ambitions and protecting the network from congestion caused by resource-heavy operations.

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