ECB President: Inflation Moving in the Right Direction, Possible December Rate Cut

The European Central Bank (ECB) has been closely monitoring inflation trends, and President Christine Lagarde recently expressed optimism about the direction of inflation. In a press conference following the ECB's October meeting, Lagarde stated that inflation is moving in the right direction, raising the possibility of a rate cut in December. This article explores the ECB's assessment of the inflation outlook and the potential implications for monetary policy.



The ECB's latest staff projections indicate that headline inflation is expected to average 2.4% in 2024, 2.1% in 2025, 1.9% in 2026, and 2.1% in 2027. Core inflation, which excludes food and energy prices, is projected to decline from 2.9% in 2024 to 2.3% in 2025 and 1.9% in 2026 and 2027. These projections suggest that the ECB's monetary policy is having an impact on inflation, with the rate of price increases expected to slow down in the coming years.



The ECB's assessment of the economic outlook also plays a crucial role in its decision-making process. The Governing Council expects real GDP growth to average 0.7% in 2024, 1.1% in 2025, 1.4% in 2026, and 1.3% in 2027. Although these projections were revised down by 0.1 percentage points in 2024 and 2025 compared to the September projections, the ECB remains relatively optimistic about the economic outlook.

The ECB's decision to cut interest rates by 25 basis points in October, bringing the deposit rate to 3%, reflected a compromise between growth and inflation worries. The ECB dropped the reference to "keeping interest rates sufficiently restrictive for as long as needed," indicating that it is keeping the door open for further rate cuts in the future. This move acknowledged the need to support economic growth while still addressing inflation concerns.



The ECB's decision to cut interest rates was influenced by its projection of lower inflation and growth rates, as well as the softening labor demand. The ECB's projections indicated a slowdown in the near term, with conditions in place for growth to strengthen over the forecast horizon. The ECB also noted that the labor market remained resilient, with employment growing by 0.2% in the third quarter and the unemployment rate remaining at its historical low of 6.3% in October. However, labor demand continued to soften, with the job vacancy rate declining to 2.5% in the third quarter.

Geopolitical risks, such as Russia's war against Ukraine and the conflict in the Middle East, could weigh on euro area growth by dampening exports and weakening the global economy. Lower confidence could also prevent consumption and investment from recovering as fast as expected. These risks are considered downside risks to economic growth and upside risks to inflation in the ECB's assessment.

In conclusion, the ECB's assessment of the inflation outlook and the economic outlook has led to a potential interest rate cut in December. The ECB's projections indicate that inflation is moving in the right direction, with the rate of price increases expected to slow down in the coming years. The ECB's decision to cut interest rates in October reflected a compromise between growth and inflation worries, with the central bank acknowledging the need to support economic growth while still addressing inflation concerns. Geopolitical risks, such as Russia's war against Ukraine and the conflict in the Middle East, could weigh on euro area growth and inflation, but the ECB remains prepared to adjust its monetary policy stance as needed to maintain price stability.