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China's Factory Activity: Stimulus Boost Drives Unexpected Expansion

Isaac LaneThursday, Oct 31, 2024 11:12 pm ET
1min read
China's factory activity unexpectedly expanded in October, signaling a potential economic rebound. The official manufacturing purchasing managers' index (PMI) rose to 50.1, above the 50 mark separating expansion from contraction. This rebound was driven by accelerated production activity and improving domestic demand, offsetting weakening export orders.

The recent stimulus package, announced in late September, includes forceful cuts to interest rates and measures to bolster the housing market. These moves aim to boost domestic demand by making credit more accessible and affordable, thereby encouraging consumer spending and investment in the property sector. Additionally, the government is expected to unveil more fiscal policy support next week, which may include increased public spending on infrastructure and targeted assistance to households.


The PMI survey provided the first official economic indicator for the month after China introduced its boldest stimulus package since the pandemic. The non-manufacturing measure of activity in construction and services climbed to 50.2, suggesting a broader economic recovery. The offshore yuan held a slight loss of 0.1% in morning trading, while China's 10-year government bond yields stayed steady at 2.16%.

A measure of production activity under the manufacturing PMI rose to 52, the highest in six months, while overall new orders stabilized. However, new export orders remained weak and continued to contract, falling slightly to 47.3. This indicates that while domestic demand is improving, external demand remains a challenge.


Moving forward, we'll need to see if the stimulus rollout can lead to a recovery of domestic demand to offset what looks to be a still weakening external demand picture. The Chinese central bank is expected to continue its monetary policy support, with analysts predicting two cuts to the reserve requirement ratio and two cuts to interest rates in 2025. This coordinated fiscal and monetary policy support aims to sustain the recovery in the coming quarters.

In conclusion, China's factory activity unexpectedly expanded in October, signaling a potential economic rebound. The recent stimulus package, including interest rate cuts and measures to bolster the housing market, has driven this expansion. However, the recovery in domestic demand must be sustained to offset weak external demand. The government is expected to introduce additional policies to support growth over the next few quarters, with a focus on boosting domestic demand and addressing the challenges posed by insufficient demand and property woes.
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