Cannabis Use Disorder: Signs, Symptoms, and Diagnosis

Around 41% of Australians have used cannabis, with 22% of recreational users meeting criteria for cannabis use disorder. This condition can make it difficult to control cannabis use. Medicinal cannabis users may also meet criteria, with an estimated 25%. Symptoms of cannabis use disorder include relying on cannabis to feel normal, using more cannabis to achieve the same high, and neglecting important tasks. Withdrawal symptoms can make it harder to quit or cut back.

Cannabis use has become increasingly prevalent in Australia, with around 41% of adults having tried the substance at some point [1]. However, a significant portion of recreational users, approximately 22%, meet the criteria for cannabis use disorder (CUD) [1]. This condition makes it challenging to control cannabis use, and withdrawal symptoms can further complicate attempts to quit or reduce consumption.

Cannabis addiction, also known as CUD, is characterized by a psychological or physical dependence on marijuana. Individuals may feel compelled to use it despite negative consequences on their daily life, responsibilities, or mental health [1]. Unlike harder drugs, cannabis withdrawal symptoms are often more emotional and psychological, but they can be just as severe and disruptive.

The addictive potential of cannabis is well-documented. While it is less addictive than substances like opioids or alcohol, long-term use can lead to addiction in around 1 in 10 users, and up to 1 in 6 among those who begin in adolescence [1]. Signs of cannabis addiction include needing more to achieve the same effect (tolerance), daily or multiple daily use, anxiety or irritability without it, and trying and failing to cut down or quit [1].

Cannabis use disorder can arise from various factors. Many people use cannabis to cope with anxiety, depression, past trauma, or to help with sleep issues and social anxiety [1]. Over time, chronic use can disrupt the brain's dopamine system, leading to feelings of fogginess, demotivation, and emotional flatness even when not high [1].

The impact of long-term cannabis use is substantial. Regular use over months or years can result in memory issues, reduced motivation, emotional numbness, increased anxiety, and an elevated risk of developing psychosis, especially in those with a family history [1]. Relationship problems due to mood swings or social withdrawal are also common [1].

Withdrawal symptoms from cannabis can be uncomfortable and may include irritability, insomnia, loss of appetite, mood swings, vivid dreams, and anxiety [1]. These symptoms can last from a few days to a few weeks, depending on the length and intensity of use. While not physically dangerous, they can be deeply uncomfortable and often lead to relapse if proper support isn’t in place.

Addressing cannabis addiction requires a comprehensive approach. Therapeutic support, including Rapid Transformational Therapy (RTT) and CBT, can help address the root causes of addiction [1]. Nutritional and dopamine therapy, along with daily structure and purpose activities such as group therapy and yoga, are also essential components of a successful recovery program [1]. Aftercare and sober living options provide a bridge back into everyday life with ongoing support and structure [1].

The prevalence of cannabis use disorder in Australia underscores the need for awareness and support. If you or someone you know is struggling with cannabis addiction, it’s crucial to seek help. Recovery is possible with the right support, and it’s never too early to start.

References:
[1] https://baliharmonyrehab.com/bhr-cannabis-addiction