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Tokyo-listed investment firm Metaplanet Inc. (3350.T) has seen its market value drop below the value of its
holdings, a stark shift reflecting cooling investor enthusiasm for corporate crypto treasury strategies. The company's shares, which surged to a peak of 1,800 yen ($11.60) in June 2025, have since plummeted roughly 70%, closing at 482 yen ($3.10) on October 14[1]. At this price, Metaplanet's enterprise value-market capitalization plus debt-stands at just 0.99 times the value of its Bitcoin reserves[5].
The firm's Bitcoin holdings, now totaling 30,823
, are valued at approximately $3.45 billion at current prices[1]. Purchased at an average cost of $107,912 per coin, the portfolio includes an unrealized profit of around $120 million[1]. Metaplanet has financed its aggressive accumulation through a $1.4 billion capital raise in September 2025, achieved via preferred share issuances[1]. The company also launched two subsidiaries-Metaplanet Income Corp. in the U.S. and Bitcoin Japan Inc.-to expand Bitcoin-related income generation and educational initiatives[6].
Metaplanet's pivot to Bitcoin began in April 2024, when it started treating the cryptocurrency as a primary treasury asset. Initially, the stock traded at a premium to its Bitcoin net asset value (NAV), but the premium has eroded as broader market sentiment toward crypto treasury firms waned[5]. The company's "555 Million Plan" aims to hold 210,000 BTC by 2027, but achieving this goal requires further capital raises and a sustained Bitcoin price rally[11].
Preferred shares, a hybrid of debt and equity, have become central to Metaplanet's funding strategy. Shareholders recently approved a plan to issue up to ¥555 billion ($3.8 billion) in perpetual preferred shares, with Class A shares offering fixed dividends and Class B shares convertible to common equity[13]. CEO Simon Gerovich emphasized the structure's ability to minimize dilution while scaling Bitcoin holdings[12]. However, critics warn that perpetual preferred shares could expose investors to interest rate risks and liquidity pressures[13].
Metaplanet's strategy mirrors that of U.S.-based MicroStrategy (MSTR), which has aggressively bought Bitcoin since 2020. While MicroStrategy holds over 597,000 BTC-nearly 3% of the total supply-Metaplanet's 30,823 BTC places it as the fourth-largest corporate holder in Japan and 13th globally[7]. Unlike MicroStrategy's debt-driven approach, Metaplanet relies on equity and options strategies to fund purchases[8].
Analysts note that Metaplanet's stock has become a proxy for Bitcoin exposure, with its performance closely tied to crypto market dynamics. "The discount to Bitcoin NAV signals a popping of a bubble," said Mark Chadwick, a Japan equity analyst[5]. "Investors are re-evaluating the long-term viability of corporate Bitcoin treasuries."
The broader market for corporate Bitcoin holdings has faced headwinds. Metaplanet's market value now trades at roughly twice its Bitcoin holdings, down from an eightfold premium in June[14]. Other firms, such as Marathon Digital Holdings (MARA) and Riot Platforms (RIOT), have also seen share prices decline as buying frenzies slow[5].
Regulatory uncertainty and legal challenges further complicate the landscape. A recent class-action lawsuit against MicroStrategy highlights risks of misleading disclosures in corporate Bitcoin strategies[13]. Meanwhile, Japan's bond market instability has driven institutional demand for Bitcoin proxies like Metaplanet[13], though skeptics argue that many firms may lack the longevity to see their strategies through[13].
As Metaplanet navigates these challenges, its ability to balance Bitcoin accumulation with shareholder returns will be critical. With Bitcoin's price hovering near $112,000 and global corporate holdings exceeding 1 million BTC[7], the company's journey reflects the broader maturation of institutional crypto adoption-a path marked by volatility, innovation, and evolving investor expectations.
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