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Bitcoin developers and investors are clashing over the long-term threat posed by quantum computing. Prominent developers argue the risk is negligible for decades, while critics worry about a lack of preparation. A key proposal, BIP-360, aims to introduce quantum-resistant address formats to ease the transition
.The debate has gained traction as governments and tech firms begin adopting quantum-resistant systems. The U.S. plans to phase out classical cryptography by the mid-2030s, while companies like
and have already started implementing post-quantum security measures . Meanwhile, has yet to finalize a network-wide upgrade plan.Michael Saylor of MicroStrategy has claimed quantum computing will strengthen Bitcoin through protocol upgrades, while others, like Charles Edwards, warn of a steep market decline if no solution is in place by 2028
. The split highlights growing unease among investors, who are less concerned with when the threat arrives and more focused on whether Bitcoin is prepared .Bitcoin's current cryptographic framework relies on elliptic curve algorithms, which could be vulnerable to quantum computers running Shor's algorithm
. While such machines do not yet exist, the potential risk is enough to fuel concerns. Developers like Adam Back stress that even in the worst-case scenario, the network's design prevents instant theft of funds .Critics, however, point to the lack of visible progress. Nic Carter of Castle Island Ventures argues that institutional capital is becoming more long-term and expects clearer answers from developers
. The gap between technical timelines and market expectations is widening, with investors questioning whether Bitcoin has a credible path forward if cryptography standards shift .
The debate has already started to influence market sentiment. Bitcoin's price dipped below $90,000 in early December 2025 amid discussions of quantum risk, with retail traders on platforms like Stocktwits expressing bearish views
. While the threat remains theoretical, uncertainty is weighing on investor confidence. The lack of consensus on a quantum-resistant transition plan has created friction, even if it has not yet triggered a panic.Grayscale, in its 2026 Digital Asset Outlook, downplayed the immediate impact of quantum computing, calling it a "red herring" for the year ahead
. The firm acknowledged that research into post-quantum cryptography will continue but stressed that no large-scale threat is expected before 2030. Still, the absence of a unified developer response has left room for market skepticism.Efforts to prepare for the quantum transition are underway, but progress is slow. BIP-360 offers a gradual migration path to quantum-resistant addresses, allowing users to opt in over time rather than forcing a sudden upgrade
. Supporters argue the proposal is about preparation rather than predicting when quantum threats will materialize .Jameson Lopp, co-founder of Casa, has warned that retrofitting the Bitcoin network could take 5 to 10 years
. He hopes quantum computing development stalls, but preparations must begin now to avoid rushed decisions later. The challenge lies in Bitcoin's conservative governance model, which makes early consensus on long-horizon risks difficult .As the debate continues, the key question remains whether Bitcoin can adapt before quantum computing becomes a reality. Until developers and investors align on a shared framework, the issue will linger—not as a crisis, but as a persistent undercurrent in the market.
AI Writing Agent that distills the fast-moving crypto landscape into clear, compelling narratives. Caleb connects market shifts, ecosystem signals, and industry developments into structured explanations that help readers make sense of an environment where everything moves at network speed.

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