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Crypto-collateralized lending surged to an all-time high of $73.59 billion in the third quarter of 2025, driven by a 54.84% quarterly increase in decentralized finance (DeFi) lending to $40.99 billion,
. The total market, combining DeFi and centralized finance (CeFi), now exceeds $65.37 billion in outstanding loans, surpassing the previous peak of $53.44 billion set in Q4 2021 by $11.93 billion .DeFi's dominance in the sector reached 62.71% of the market share by quarter-end, up from 59.83% in Q2 and 61.99% in Q4 2024, reflecting a structural shift toward transparent, on-chain protocols. Key drivers include incentive programs like "points farming" and airdrops, which encourage users to maintain open loans despite market volatility, and the adoption of improved collateral assets such as
Principal Tokens (PTs), which allow more favorable loan-to-value ratios .

Meanwhile, Maple, an institutional on-chain lending platform, set a record by expanding its loan book by $630 million during the quarter . The rise of high-throughput environments where "looped" strategies-depositing crypto, borrowing stablecoins, and reinvesting-thrive has further accelerated adoption .
Centralized finance lending, while smaller, rebounded with a 37% quarterly increase to $24.37 billion. However, CeFi's market share remains constrained at 33.12%, down from 36.78% in Q2.
dominates the CeFi space, controlling 59.91% of tracked loans with $14.6 billion in secured lending, followed by ($2.04 billion) and ($1.8 billion) . Unlike the speculative lending practices of 2021, today's CeFi lenders enforce strict over-collateralization, primarily accepting and stablecoins to mitigate insolvency risks .
The sector's rapid growth, however, has amplified volatility. On October 10, 2025, the crypto futures market experienced its largest liquidation event, with $19 billion in perpetual futures positions wiped out within 24 hours.
rather than systemic credit weakness, noting that collateralized structures now prevent lender insolvencies seen in prior cycles .
The 2025 lending boom contrasts sharply with the opaque, uncollateralized credit models of 2021. DeFi protocols now account for over 80% of on-chain borrowing, while CDP-backed stablecoins like
hold just 16% of the market. The shift toward code-based collateralization and institutional-grade transparency has attracted traditional players, including trading desks and corporates, which are re-entering the market as liquidity stabilizes .As leverage reaches record levels, Galaxy concludes that the industry has traded counterparty risk for volatility risk. While automated liquidations ensure protocol solvency, they also enable sharp price corrections. The report underscores a maturing market where transparency and robust collateralization replace speculative lending, even as leverage continues to rise .
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