Comercio de bienes tokenizados: la próxima frontera del comercio mundial y las finanzas digitales

The tokenization of commodities is rapidly redefining the landscape of global trade and digital finance, driven by strategic infrastructure development and expanding market access. As blockchain technology matures, it is enabling the seamless conversion of physical assets-ranging from gold to carbon credits-into digital tokens, unlocking liquidity, transparency, and efficiency. This shift is not merely speculative; it is being propelled by institutional adoption, regulatory innovation, and cross-border collaborations that are reshaping traditional financial systems.

Strategic Infrastructure: The Backbone of Tokenized Commodities

The growth of tokenized commodities hinges on robust infrastructure capable of handling complex transactions, ensuring security, and complying with global regulations. By October 2025, the total value of tokenized real-world assets (RWAs) had surged to $33 billion, up from $8.6 billion in 2023, with tokenized U.S. Treasuries alone surpassing $7.5 billion in value. This growth is underpinned by blockchain platforms like zkDatabase and multi-chain solutions that address scalability and privacy challenges according to industry analysis. For instance, platforms such as Figure Protocol have tokenized over $14.7 billion in private credit by Q2 2025, demonstrating how infrastructure innovations are enabling fractional ownership and automated compliance through smart contracts.

Governments and financial institutions are also playing a pivotal role. The U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) has initiated programs to allow tokenized collateral, such as stablecoins, in derivatives markets, enhancing liquidity. Similarly, Singapore's Project Guardian and the UK's Digital Securities Sandbox are creating regulated environments for testing tokenized assets, fostering trust among institutional investors. These initiatives highlight how infrastructure development is not just about technology but also about aligning with regulatory frameworks to ensure global interoperability.

Market Access: Democratizing Investment and Expanding Participation

A futuristic cityscape with floating tokens representing gold, real estate, and carbon credits, interconnected by glowing lines that symbolize blockchain transactions. People from diverse backgrounds are trading these tokens using smartphones and tablets, with a background showing global maps and currency symbols to emphasize inclusivity and cross-border participation.

Tokenization is democratizing access to commodities markets by lowering barriers to entry. Traditional commodities trading often requires significant capital and logistical infrastructure, but tokenization allows investors to trade fractions of assets like gold or real estate with minimal overhead. For example, a luxury hotel in New York was tokenized in 2025, enabling investors to purchase fractional ownership starting at $1,000. Meanwhile, Bergen County in New Jersey is tokenizing $240 billion in real estate deeds, modernizing land records and increasing efficiency.

Regional market penetration further underscores this trend. North America remains the largest market for tokenized commodities, with institutional investors accounting for 70% of the asset tokenization market in 2024. Asia-Pacific, however, is emerging as the fastest-growing region, driven by proactive digital payment systems and regulatory clarity in countries like Singapore and Hong Kong. Notably, the Hong Kong government issued HK$10 billion in digital green bonds in 2025, leveraging blockchain to support sustainable infrastructure projects. These developments illustrate how tokenization is bridging gaps between traditional and digital finance, enabling cross-border participation and fostering inclusive economic growth.

Case Studies: From Treasuries to Carbon Credits

Tokenized U.S. Treasuries have become a cornerstone of the RWA ecosystem, with their adoption driven by efficiency gains and institutional demand. BlackRock's USD Institutional Digital Liquidity Fund (BUIDL), launched in 2024, attracted over $2 billion in assets under management within a year, showcasing the appeal of tokenized financial products. Meanwhile, tokenized carbon credits are gaining traction for ESG compliance, with cross-border investor access to these assets increasing by 45% in 2025.

In the energy sector, tokenized commodities are streamlining trade. For example, J.P. Morgan and Galaxy Digital collaborated to issue a $50 million tokenized corporate bond on the Solana blockchain, reducing settlement times from days to minutes. Such projects highlight how tokenization is not only improving liquidity but also enabling real-time settlement and reducing reliance on intermediaries.

Challenges and the Road Ahead

Despite rapid growth, challenges remain. Regulatory fragmentation, technical hurdles, and digital literacy gaps must be addressed to ensure equitable access. For instance, while tokenized municipal bonds in the Philippines and Thailand have enabled retail investor participation, similar projects in the U.S. face scrutiny over compliance with existing securities laws. Additionally, interoperability between blockchain networks and legacy systems is critical for seamless global trade.

However, the trajectory is clear: tokenized commodities are poised to become a foundational element of the digital economy. As infrastructure evolves and regulatory frameworks mature, the next frontier will likely involve integrating tokenized assets into broader financial systems, such as repo markets and collateral flows.

Conclusion

Tokenized commodities represent a paradigm shift in global trade and digital finance, driven by strategic infrastructure and expanding market access. From tokenized gold to green bonds, the technology is enabling unprecedented liquidity, transparency, and inclusivity. As institutions, governments, and innovators continue to collaborate, the barriers to adoption will erode, paving the way for a future where physical assets are as easily traded as digital tokens. For investors, this is not just an opportunity-it is an inevitability.