U.S. Proposes Limited Uranium Enrichment in Iran Policy Shift

The United States has reportedly undergone a significant policy shift in its approach to nuclear negotiations with Iran. A new proposal, submitted by U.S. President's Special Envoy Steve Witkoff, allows for limited uranium enrichment activities within Iran's borders. This move contrasts sharply with the previously stated hardline stance of senior U.S. officials, who had insisted that Iran must cease all uranium enrichment activities.

The proposal, labeled as a "preliminary concept," is intended to serve as the foundation for the next round of negotiations. Key points of the agreement include Iran's prohibition from constructing new uranium enrichment facilities and the dismantling of existing uranium conversion and processing infrastructure. Additionally, Iran is required to halt the development of new centrifuges. The agreement also outlines the establishment of a "regional enrichment consortium," with specific conditions such as Iran not developing indigenous enrichment capabilities beyond civilian needs. Post-signature, Iran would temporarily reduce its enrichment levels to 3%, with the exact duration to be determined through negotiations. Underground enrichment facilities would cease operations within the agreed period, while surface facilities would be restricted to enrichment levels recommended by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) for nuclear power plant fuel.

The proposal emphasizes the implementation of a robust monitoring and verification mechanism, including the immediate approval of the IAEA's Additional Protocol. Sanctions relief would only be provided once Iran demonstrates a genuine commitment and is recognized by both the U.S. and the IAEA.

This policy shift has raised concerns among U.S. lawmakers and the Israeli government, who have long advocated for a zero-enrichment policy and the complete dismantling of Iran's nuclear facilities. Despite these concerns, the White House has not denied the contents of the proposal, stating that the U.S. will not comment on the details of ongoing negotiations.

Iran, meanwhile, has expressed skepticism about the U.S. proposal, stating that it has not received sufficient guarantees regarding the lifting of sanctions. The Iranian Foreign Ministry spokesperson, Esmaeil Baghaei, indicated that Iran is still evaluating the proposal and questioned the U.S. assertion that it is acceptable to Iran.

The new proposal bears similarities to the 2015 nuclear agreement reached during the Obama administration, from which the Trump administration withdrew in 2018. The sixth round of nuclear talks is expected to take place in the coming days, with all parties closely monitoring Iran's response and the U.S.'s adjusted negotiating stance.