El cambio estratégico de Ford hacia los vehículos híbridos: una reevaluación de la exposición a los vehículos eléctricos en las acciones de los fabricantes de automóviles

The automotive industry's electrification journey has entered a period of recalibration. Ford Motor Company, once a bold pioneer in the EV space, now finds itself retreating from its aggressive EV bets and pivoting toward hybrids and affordable electric vehicles. This shift, driven by declining sales, production disruptions, and regulatory headwinds, raises critical questions for investors assessing the risks of EV-heavy portfolios. As Ford's F-150 Lightning production remains paused and its EV business hemorrhages billions, the broader implications for electrification-focused stocks-and the relative resilience of hybrid/ICE players-demand closer scrutiny.

Ford's EV Gambit: A Tale of Stumbles and Strategic Retreat

Ford's 2025 EV strategy has been a mixed bag of ambition and missteps. The F-150 Lightning, its flagship electric pickup, saw a staggering 72% year-over-year sales decline in November 2025, with only 1,006 units sold. This collapse coincided with the expiration of the $7,500 federal tax credit in September 2025 and a production pause triggered by a fire at Novelis' aluminum plant, which disrupted supply chains. Meanwhile, Ford's EV business reported a $1.4 billion loss in Q3 2025, underscoring the financial toll of its electrification push.

CEO Jim Farley has since pivoted to a more pragmatic approach, emphasizing "affordable EVs starting around $30,000" that will debut in 2027. This shift aligns with a broader industry trend: hybrid sales rose 13.6% in November 2025 to 16,301 units, reflecting consumer demand for fuel efficiency without full electrification. Ford's $5 billion investment in EV development now focuses on smaller, cost-effective models built on the Ford Universal EV Platform, a stark contrast to its earlier emphasis on large, premium EVs.

Industry-Wide Dislocation: EVs vs. Hybrids and ICE

Ford's struggles mirror broader challenges in the EV sector. In the U.S., battery electric vehicles (BEVs) accounted for just 7.5% of new car sales in 2025, lagging behind China's 50% NEV penetration. Regulatory uncertainty, including proposed Trump-era tariffs on Chinese and Mexican imports, and the absence of federal tax credits have exacerbated consumer hesitancy. Meanwhile, European markets face slower growth due to phasing out subsidies and unclear CO₂ targets.

Competitive dynamics further complicate the landscape. Chinese automakers like BYD and Xpeng are outpacing traditional OEMs with cost-effective models and advanced battery tech, while Tesla's market share has plummeted from 62.8% in 2020 to 32% in 2025. General Motors, by contrast, has thrived by balancing ICE and hybrid sales-its Q3 2025 earnings beat and 46% stock price surge highlight the profitability of this diversified approach.

Investor Implications: EV-Heavy Portfolios Under Scrutiny

For investors, Ford's pivot underscores the risks of overexposure to EVs. The company's projected $5.5 billion EV and software losses in 2025 contrast sharply with GM's success in ICE and hybrid segments. Rivian, another EV-focused player, has shown resilience through cost-cutting measures (e.g., zonal architecture systems) and a $1 billion VW investment, but its path to profitability remains uncertain. Tesla, meanwhile, faces margin pressures as regulatory credit sales dry up and robotaxi ambitions remain unproven.

Hybrid and ICE automakers, however, appear better positioned to navigate near-term volatility. Consumer demand for ICE vehicles is rebounding, with 50% of buyers planning to purchase such vehicles in the next 24 months. Hybrids, as a transitional option, are gaining traction, with sales up 36% in Q2 2025. Automakers investing in flexible manufacturing platforms-capable of producing ICE, hybrid, and EV models-seem best poised to adapt to shifting preferences.

Conclusion: Navigating the Electrification Crossroads

Ford's strategic shift to hybrids and affordable EVs reflects a pragmatic response to market realities. While the company's EV ambitions remain intact, its current focus on profitability and flexibility aligns with broader industry trends. For investors, this signals a need to reassess EV-heavy portfolios, particularly in light of regulatory risks, supply chain vulnerabilities, and consumer hesitancy. Hybrid and ICE players, meanwhile, offer a more stable near-term outlook, even as long-term electrification goals persist.

As the automotive industry navigates this crossroads, the winners will be those who balance innovation with adaptability-Ford's pivot may yet prove a masterstroke, but the road ahead remains fraught with uncertainty.