Síntomas de política de la Fed y el dólar: descifrar el gráfico de puntos y el tono de Powell para la posición de 2026

The Federal Reserve's November 2025 policy signals have sparked renewed debate among investors about the trajectory of U.S. monetary policy and its implications for the dollar. With the Fed's latest Dot Plot projections and Chair Jerome Powell's cautious rhetoric, the stage is set for a pivotal December meeting that could reshape asset allocation strategies in 2026. This analysis deciphers the Fed's mixed signals and offers actionable insights for investors navigating a landscape of uncertainty.

The Dot Plot: A Roadmap of Gradual Easing

The November 2025 Dot Plot projections, released in September, indicate a median target federal funds rate of 3.6% by year-end, reflecting two additional 25-basis-point rate cuts in 2025. This trajectory aligns with a broader consensus among FOMC participants, though views remain divergent, with projections ranging from 2.75%-3.00% to 4.00%-4.25%. By October, the Fed had already executed its second consecutive 25-basis-point cut, lowering the target range to 3.75%-4.00% . For 2026, the Dot Plot suggests further easing, with ten officials anticipating multiple cuts, likely in March and September. However, the December meeting is unlikely to clarify the 2026 path, as policymakers remain divided.

Powell's Cautious Balancing Act

Chair Jerome Powell has consistently emphasized a "hawkish cut" strategy, prioritizing data dependency while signaling a potential pause in rate reductions. At the October meeting, he underscored the need to monitor inflation and labor market trends, noting that a December cut was not guaranteed due to lingering uncertainties. His recent speeches highlight a dual mandate focus: supporting employment while taming inflation, which remains above the 2% target. This cautious approach reflects a broader shift in the Fed's communication, where even rate cuts are framed as conditional on incoming data.

Dissent and Uncertainty: A Fractured Consensus

The October rate cut was not unanimous, with dissenters like Jeffrey Schmid advocating for rate stability and Stephen Miran pushing for a larger 50-basis-point reduction. This fragmentation signals growing divisions within the FOMC, complicating the Fed's ability to project a unified policy path. For 2026, officials like Alberto Musalem have called for a pause after December to assess the impact of recent cuts. Such discord amplifies volatility risks, as markets grapple with conflicting signals about the pace of normalization.

Strategic Asset Reallocation: Navigating the Dollar's Volatility

The Fed's mixed signals have created a tug-of-war for the U.S. dollar. While rate cuts typically weaken the dollar, Powell's hawkish undertones and inflation concerns could limit its decline. Investors should consider hedging against dollar volatility by diversifying into non-U.S. equities and commodities, which often benefit from accommodative global monetary policy. Additionally, the prospect of a pause in 2026 rate cuts may favor long-duration assets like Treasuries, though yields could remain capped by inflation risks.

For those with a longer-term horizon, the labor market's softening-evidenced by an 8.3% unemployment rate in August 2025 suggests a potential shift toward growth-sensitive sectors. However, the backlogged economic data from the recent government shutdown introduces a wildcard element, requiring agility in portfolio adjustments.

Conclusion: Preparing for a Range of Outcomes

As the Fed approaches its December meeting, investors must brace for a policy environment marked by cautious easing and heightened uncertainty. The key to 2026 positioning lies in flexibility: maintaining liquidity, overweighting inflation-linked assets, and closely monitoring the release of delayed economic data. While the Dot Plot points to further cuts, Powell's emphasis on data dependency and internal FOMC divisions mean that surprises are likely. A diversified, adaptive strategy will be critical to navigating the Fed's evolving policy landscape.