El rol de Apple en la era de IA: ¿Puede competir con los creadores de IA emergentes?

The artificial intelligence (AI) revolution is reshaping the global tech landscape, with companies racing to secure dominance in foundational models, hardware, and ecosystem integration. Apple, long a leader in consumer technology, faces a pivotal question: Can its strategic positioning and capital allocation in AI keep pace with the rapid innovation of emerging startups and rival tech giants?

Strategic Investments: R&D and Acquisitions

Apple's approach to AI has been characterized by a blend of in-house innovation and targeted acquisitions. In 2023, the company allocated over $26 billion to R&D, a significant portion of which was directed toward AI and augmented reality (AR). This investment has fueled advancements in technologies like Apple Intelligence and custom silicon chips, which underpin the company's competitive edge. Complementing this, Apple acquired 20–30 AI startups between 2023 and 2025, surpassing the acquisition numbers of Google and Meta. These acquisitions have focused on niche capabilities, such as on-device generative AI tools for productivity and content creation, aligning with Apple's emphasis on privacy and ecosystem integration.

However, Apple's capital expenditures (CapEx) for AI infrastructure remain modest compared to its peers. In 2024, Apple spent $9.5 billion on AI-related projects, a fraction of the over $300 billion planned by Microsoft, Meta, and Google for 2025. The company has opted to outsource AI model training to cloud providers like Google Cloud, avoiding the costly buildout of large-scale GPU infrastructure. This strategy, while cost-effective in the short term, risks leaving Apple lagging in the race for frontier AI models, which require high-powered server clusters.

Capital Allocation vs. Emerging Startups

The AI ecosystem in 2025 is marked by a surge in venture capital (VC) funding and M&A activity. Strategic acquisitions of AI-related targets increased by 33% in volume and 123% in value compared to 2024, with VC deal value in the AI sector accounting for 51% of total VC deals in the first half of 2025. Mega-rounds and high-profile acquisitions, such as OpenAI's $6.5 billion purchase of io Products and Meta's $14.3 billion investment in Scale AI, underscore the sector's dynamism.

Apple's capital allocation strategy contrasts with this frenetic pace. While CEO Tim Cook has emphasized openness to M&A that advances Apple's AI roadmap, the company's acquisitions have been more targeted, prioritizing specific capabilities over large-scale infrastructure or talent consolidation. This reflects Apple's commitment to maintaining its distinct brand identity while leveraging external innovations. However, the company's 2025 Q3 operating expenses rose by 11% year-over-year, driven by R&D spending on AI and private cloud compute infrastructure. Despite this, Apple's CapEx for AI in fiscal 2025 totaled $12.72 billion-still far below the investments of Alphabet, Microsoft, and Amazon.

Challenges and Market Perception

Apple's AI progress has faced criticism for being slower than that of its peers. Delays in launching AI-powered features, such as the delayed 2026 release of its next-generation Siri, have raised questions about the company's ability to meet consumer expectations. Additionally, its reliance on third-party cloud providers for AI training may hinder its ability to compete with rivals like Google and Microsoft, which have invested heavily in proprietary data centers.

Yet Apple's hybrid strategy-combining in-house foundation models, third-party partnerships, and selective acquisitions-offers unique advantages. The company's focus on on-device AI, which prioritizes user privacy and reduces dependency on cloud infrastructure, aligns with growing consumer demand for data security. Furthermore, Apple's ecosystem integration allows it to deploy AI features seamlessly across devices, a strength that emerging startups often lack.

Future Outlook and Investor Confidence

The AI valuation landscape in 2025 reflects robust investor confidence, with median enterprise value to revenue (EV/Revenue) multiples reaching 25–30x. This suggests that markets are willing to reward companies with scalable AI strategies. Apple's CFO, Kevan Parekh, has indicated, the company expects further increases in AI-related CapEx in the coming years, signaling a potential shift toward more aggressive infrastructure investment.

However, Apple must balance its cautious approach with the need to accelerate AI development. As stated by Cook, the company remains open to M&A and partnerships that align with its long-term vision. If Apple can leverage its ecosystem strengths while strategically scaling its infrastructure investments, it may yet carve out a unique role in the AI era.

Conclusion

Apple's strategic positioning in the AI revolution hinges on its ability to harmonize innovation with restraint. While its R&D and acquisition strategies have bolstered its AI capabilities, the company's relatively modest capital expenditures and reliance on third-party infrastructure pose challenges in a rapidly evolving landscape. Emerging startups and rivals with deeper pockets are setting a high bar for AI innovation, but Apple's focus on privacy, ecosystem integration, and targeted acquisitions offers a compelling counterpoint. For investors, the key question remains: Can Apple's measured approach evolve into a winning strategy in the long term, or will its reluctance to match the spending of competitors leave it playing catch-up?