La transición impulsada por IA en 2026: Posicionamiento para la próxima fase de la bull market

The global economy is on the cusp of a transformative shift in 2026, driven by the maturation of artificial intelligence (AI) and a recalibration of monetary policy. As the Federal Reserve signals a gradual retreat from restrictive rates and fiscal tailwinds gain momentum, investors are being presented with a unique opportunity to reallocate capital into sectors poised to benefit from this dual transition. Strategic sector rotation into industrials and small-cap stocks-both of which stand to gain from AI-driven productivity gains and accommodative policy environments-could prove pivotal in capturing the next leg of the bull market.

The Fed's Neutral Rate and the Path to Rate Cuts

The Federal Reserve's projected path toward a neutral rate of approximately 3% by the end of 2026 marks a critical inflection point for capital allocation. According to the December 2025 SEP and Dot Plot, the median expectation for the federal funds rate is a reduction to between 3.25% and 3.50% by year-end, reflecting a cautious but deliberate easing of monetary policy. This trajectory is underpinned by the Fed's dual mandate: stabilizing inflation, which remains near 3%, and supporting maximum employment amid a slowing labor market.

Morningstar economists, however, anticipate a slightly more aggressive easing, forecasting two rate cuts in 2026 to counter potential economic headwinds such as a moderation in AI-driven growth or inflationary pressures from tariffs. The impending leadership transition at the Fed-with Jerome Powell's term expiring in May 2026-adds a layer of uncertainty, as a new chair could prioritize different policy levers. Regardless of leadership shifts, the broader trend of declining rates is likely to lower borrowing costs for businesses, particularly in capital-intensive sectors like industrials, which stand to benefit from cheaper financing for R&D and infrastructure upgrades.

Fiscal Tailwinds and the AI-Driven Supercycle

The 2026 market outlook is increasingly shaped by the maturation of AI and the fiscal tailwinds it generates. Wall Street analysts project robust gains for the S&P 500 in 2026, with price targets ranging from 7,100 to 7,800. This optimism is rooted in a "rolling recovery" scenario, where traditionally underperforming sectors-such as industrials and small caps-are expected to outshine large-cap peers.

The Industrial Select Sector SPDR Fund (XLI) is a prime beneficiary of the "One Big Beautiful Bill Act" (OBBBA), which provides tax incentives for R&D and capital equipment. These incentives are expected to bolster balance sheets for manufacturers like Caterpillar and Deere, accelerating their ability to adopt AI-driven automation and scale production. Similarly, small-cap stocks are positioned to capitalize on onshoring initiatives and industrial policy, with analysts at Royce Investment Trust noting that a prolonged period of underperformance may soon reverse. The OBBBA's provision for 100% bonus depreciation and immediate expensing of R&D costs is projected to stimulate productivity and earnings growth in small-cap firms, particularly those in manufacturing and logistics.

J.P. Morgan's concept of an AI-driven supercycle further underscores the sector-specific opportunities. This wave of corporate investment is expected to drive earnings expansion across industries, from utilities to industrials, as companies commercialize AI applications or leverage the technology to improve margins. However, investors must remain mindful of market polarization: AI-focused sectors could outperform non-AI ones, creating divergent returns.

Valuation Metrics: Undervalued Sectors Poised for Outperformance

Valuation metrics reinforce the case for rotating into industrials and small-cap stocks. As of October 29, 2025, the S&P 500's forward P/E ratio reached 23.1, a historically elevated level, while small-cap industrials traded at a significant discount to large-cap counterparts. The Russell 2000 Index advanced 12.4% in Q3 2025, with industrials contributing disproportionately to this growth.

Despite the industrials sector's current P/E ratio of 26.37-well above its 10-year average of 19.66-small-cap industrials remain attractively valued relative to large-cap peers. This valuation gap is further amplified by projected earnings growth: small-cap stocks are expected to outperform large-cap firms by 14% in 2026, driven by AI-driven productivity gains and fiscal tailwinds. For small-cap companies with lower profit margins, even a modest two percentage point expansion in operating margins could represent a one-third increase in earnings, creating a compounding effect.

However, caution is warranted in overvalued pockets of the market, particularly in AI and data center buildouts, where speculative fervor may inflate valuations. Investors should focus on industrials and small-cap firms with clear AI integration strategies and strong balance sheets to mitigate this risk.

Strategic Sector Rotation: A Call to Action

The convergence of Fed easing, fiscal tailwinds, and AI maturation creates a compelling case for immediate diversification into industrials and small-cap stocks. These sectors are not only undervalued relative to large-cap benchmarks but also positioned to benefit from structural shifts in capital allocation and productivity.

For investors seeking to capitalize on the next phase of the bull market, the time to act is now. By rotating into AI-benefit industries, investors can align their portfolios with the forces reshaping the global economy in 2026.