What caused Carvana's operating profit turnaround recently?

Carvana's operating profit turnaround is primarily driven by strategic cost management and operational efficiency improvements:

1. **Cost Cutting Initiatives**: Carvana has successfully implemented cost-cutting measures, reducing non-GAAP SG&A expenses from $649 million in Q2 2022 to $404 million in Q1 2023, resulting in significant savings. This focus on efficiency has bolstered profitability.
2. **Gross Profit Improvement**: Despite a 25% revenue decline to $2.61 billion, the company's gross profit per unit (GPU) increased by 52% to $4,303, leading to a total gross profit of $341 million, a 14% increase. This indicates improved profitability per unit sold.
3. **Inventory Management**: Carvana has worked to optimize its inventory, reducing the number of vehicles over age and clearing out slow-moving units through promotional offers. This strategic approach has helped maintain healthy profit margins.
4. **Debt Reduction**: The company's debt levels have significantly decreased, with total debt falling to $6.3 billion in 2023 from $8.4 billion in 2022. This reduction in debt, coupled with improved gross profit, has contributed to the operating profit turnaround.
5. **Operational Efficiencies**: Carvana has streamlined its logistics network, reducing average delivery times by 20%, which has enhanced customer satisfaction and likely improved retention rates. This, in turn, can lead to better operational margins.
6. **Market Positioning**: Despite Amazon's entry into the used car market, Carvana's full-service model and strong online presence have allowed it to maintain its market position and customer base. This has enabled the company to capitalize on demand for used vehicles and protect its profit margins.

In summary, Carvana's operating profit turnaround is a result of a combination of cost management, improved gross profit, enhanced inventory practices, debt reduction, operational efficiencies, and effective market positioning. These factors together have contributed to the company's financial stability and profitability.